ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis is a major intestinal parasitic disease of poultry that is associated with severe economic losses and welfare issues. This review brings together current knowledge about the disease and the pathological alterations involved at gross, microscopic and molecular level and how these aspects may be exploitable in the future to improve existing control measures. Particular attention was paid to the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Coccidia at the cellular level, and how these can be investigated using novel techniques, such as the single-gel electrophoresis [comet assay] on in vitro cultured cells
Subject(s)
Parasitic Diseases, Animal , Chickens , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Coccidiosis/therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Vaccination , ProbioticsABSTRACT
To study anticoccidial effects of leaf and plant extract of Artemisia annua on coccidiosis in broiler chicken compare to salinomycin and amprolium. Experimental study. One hundred and ninety two Hubbard roosters. One hundred and ninety two 21 days old roosters were categorized into 6 drug groups as follows: Amprolum [120ppm, n=8], salinomycin [60 ppm, n=8] leaf powder [2.5%, n=8], ether petroleum extract [1950ppm, n=8], fraction with maximum artemisinin [142ppm, n=8] and control [n=8]. Drug classes include 1- Amprolum [120 ppm], 3- leaves 2.5%, 4-either petroleum extract [1950 ppm, n=8], 5-fraction with maximum of artemisinin [142 ppm, n=8]. In each class there was 4 different subclasses: Eimeria tenella, Eimeria maxima, eimeria accervolina and uninfected ones. After infection, lesion scores, body weight gains and oocyst extractions were investigated at the first week. Analysis was done with MSTATC software. Significant difference among means were determined by Duncan's multiple range tests. In all experimental groups drugs significantly reduced the number of oocysts per chicken fece per day. Moreover, treated groups showed similar weight gain which was significantly higher than the untreated ones [P<0.05]. The data of body weight gain, lesion scores and oocyst extraction indicated that either petroleum extract of Artemisia annua or fraction with maximum artemisinin were the most effective. Of course, the extract is cost benefit compare to fraction
Subject(s)
Animals , Plant Extracts , Plant Leaves , Plants, Medicinal , Coccidiosis/therapy , Chickens , Amprolium , Pyrans , Eimeria , Eimeria tenellaABSTRACT
Ivermectin [Ivomec] was used as coccidiocidal drug against Eimeria in experimentally infected rabbits as indicated parasitologically and histologically. 20 Bosskat rabbits were divided into 5 groups, 3 groups were inoculated with 1000 sporulated oocysts and the other 2 groups were kept as negative controls with and without Ivermectin administration. Ivermectin [1: 10] was injected subcutaneously in a dose of 0.5 ml in animals of groups 1, 2 and 3. The treatment of group 1 was on the 4th day A.I. and on the 4th day and 7th day A.I. in group 2. The treated animals with one or two doses showed mild coccidiosis with very few numbers of oocysts deposition and rapid intestinal regeneration with degenerated eimerial developmental stages, especially the asexual ones
Subject(s)
Eimeria/drug effects , Biopsy , Coccidiosis/therapyABSTRACT
Os autores fazem uma atualizaçäo sobre isosporíase humana e abordam os principais aspectos da parasitose: epidemiologia, quadro clínico, diagnóstico laboratorial e terapêutica clínica
Subject(s)
Sulfamethoxazole , Coccidiosis/diagnosis , Coccidiosis/therapy , Furazolidone , Isospora/classification , Isospora/growth & development , Isospora/pathogenicity , Metronidazole , Sulfathiazoles , Pyrimethamine , Asthenia , Sulfadiazine , Sulfadoxine , Vomiting , Weight Loss , Anorexia , Abdominal Pain , Diarrhea , Eukaryota , Antimalarials , Protozoan Infections , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationABSTRACT
Las coccidiosis se consideran como los parásitos más importantes de los vertebrados, afectando principalemnte a las aves y mamiferos. Estos parásitos tienen un gran potencial de reproducción y transmisión además se adaptan en el transcurso de su evolución a un elevado número de especies de animales, a los cuales penetran y colonizan a la mayoría de sus células, tejidos, órganos y sistemas. Se explican los mecanimos bioquímicos, metabólicos e inmunológicos de estos parásitos al igual que los cambios fisiopatológicos que causan a sus hospedadores. Se describen las medidas de tratamiento y control por medio de quimioterapia e indica sus fallas, en la aplicación de las drogas. Por otra parte presenta un tratamiento anticocciodial en el agua bebida con el uso de los productos: sulfanamidas, amprolium y toltrazuril. Se describen las técnicas aplicadas en el estudio de la coccidiosis